Endomycorrhizal Plants: About 85% of Plants— Mostly Green, Leafy Plants, and most Commercially Produced Plants. Shrubs and foliage plants except for Rhododendron, Azalea, and Heath; Berries except for blueberries, cranberries, and lingonberries; Nut trees except for pecan, hazelnuts, and filberts. Flowers, Vegetables except for Brassica and beets; cultivated grasses except for weedy grasses, Fruit trees including tropical fruits; many wetland/aquatic species except rushes and horsetails.
Some of the commercially essential plant groups that benefit from ENDO-mycorrhizal fungi:
- Acacia
- Agapanthus
- Alder (Endo/Ecto)
- Alfalfa
- Almond
- Apple
- Apricot
- Artichoke
- Ash
- Asparagus
- Aspen (Endo/Ecto)
- Avocado
- Bamboo
- Banana
- Barley
- Basil
- Bayberry
- Beans, all
- Beech
- Begonia
- Black Cherry
- Blackberry
- Black Locust
- Blue Gramma
- Box Elder
- Boxwood
- Buckeye
- Bulbs, all
- Cacao
- Cactus
- Camellia
- Carrisa
- Carrot
- Cassava
- Ceanothus
- Cedar
- Celery
- Cherry
- Chrysanthemum
- Citrus, all
- Clover
- Coconut
- Coffee
- Coral Tree
- Corn
- Cotton
- Cottonwood(Endo/Ecto)
- Cowpea
- Crab Tree
- Creosote
- Cryptomeria
- Cucumber
- Currant
- Cypress
- Dogwood
- Eggplant
- Elm
- Eucalyptus
- Euonymus
- Fern
- Fescue
- Fig
- Flax
- Flowers, most all
- Forsythia
- Fuchsia
- Gardenia
- Garlic
- Geranium
- Grapes, all
- Grasses, perennials
- Green Ash
- Guayule
- Gum
- Hackberry
- Hawthorn
- Hemp
- Herbs, all
- Hibiscus
- Holly
- Hostas
- Impatiens
- Jatropha
- Jojoba
- Juniper
- Kiwi
- Leek
- Lettuce
- Ligustrum
- Lily
- Locust
- Lychee
- Mahogany
- Magnolia
- Mahonia
- Mango
- Maples, all
- Marigolds
- Mesquite
- Millet
- Mimosa
- Morning Glory
- Mulberry
- Myrtle
- Nasturtium
- Okra
- Olive
- Onion
- Pacific Yew
- Palms, all
- Pampas Grass
- Passion Fruit
- Papaya
- Paw Paw
- Peas
- Peach
- Peanut
- Pear
- Peppers, all
- Pistachio
- Persimmon
- Pittosporum
- Plum
- Podocarpus
- Poinsettia
- Poplar
- Potato
- Pumpkin
- Raspberry
- Redwood
- Rice
- Rose
- Rubber
- Ryegrass
- Sagebrush
- Saltbrush
- Serviceberry
- Sequoia
- Shallot
- Snapdragon
- Sorghum
- Sourwood
- Soybean
- Squash
- Star Fruit
- Strawberry
- Succulents
- Sudan Grass
- Sugar Cane
- Sumac
- Sunflower
- Sweet Gum
- Sweet Potato
- Sycamore
- Taxus
- Tea
- Tobacco
- Tomato
- Violets
- Walnut
- Wheat
- Yam
- Yucca
- Willow (Endo/Ecto)
Ectomycorrhizal Plants: About 10% of Plants—Mainly Conifers, Oaks, and Hardwoods (more woody plants). Some commercially important plant groups that benefit from ECTO-mycorrhizal fungi:
- Alder (Endo/Ecto)
- Arborvitae
- Arctostaphylos
- Aspen (Endo/Ecto)
- Basswood
- Beech
- Birch
- Chestnut
- Chinquapin
- Cottonwood (Endo/Ecto)
- Douglas fir
- Eucalyptus
- Filbert
- Fir
- Hazelnut
- Hickory
- Hemlock
- Larch
- Linden
- Madrone
- Manzanita
- Oak
- Pecan
- Pine
- Poplar
- Spruce
- Willow (Endo/Ecto)
5% Form Other Relationship Types or are “Non-mycorrhizal”—The following Plants or Plant Groups “do not” respond to ENDO or ECTO Mycorrhizal fungi:
Brassica Family
- Broccoli
- Brussels
- Cabbage
- Cauliflower
- Collards
- Kale
- Rutabaga
Ericaceae Family
- Azalea
- Blueberry
- Cranberry
- Heath
- Huckleberry
- Lingonberries
- Rhododendron
Others
- Beet
- Carnation
- Mustard
- Orchids
- Protea
- Rush
- Sedge
- Spinach
Over 95% of the world’s plant species form with mycorrhizae and require the association for maximum performance in the field.